Dadaism:
Dadaism, although established in 1900s, has continued to influence many artists and media genres to date. Its powerful portrayal and message behind the images have left a resounding feeling of unity between art and emotion.
The movement was formed in 1916 by a group of artistic minds that needed to express their rebellion towards the government and the way in which the world was conducting itself.
The irony of the time was the shame brought upon these minds that refused to fight at war. Many people viewed this as their stamp on the world becoming lost from lack of stability and structure. The lack of conformity from their part in fact has left their legacy standing stronger than ever.
Some of the well-known founders included; Tristan Tzara, John Heartfield, Kurt Schwitters, Man Ray, Marcel Duchamp but one of the less publicised minds behind the movement is in fact the work of Sigmund Freud. His research into the unconscious had really struck a nerve with the founders who took his ideas of disillusionment against logic and reason and portrayed them through art.
The biggest influence of Dadaism was found in New York City. Many of the founders had fled there during the war and found a calm atmosphere of which to spread their artistic seed.
In 1924 the power and impact of Dadaism had started to diminish. The movement had become stretched and its time was coming to an end. As with many artistic minds the founders energy was starting to move towards another media form. As a result of this surrealism was formed.
I first discovered Shepard Fairey as he is a collaborator of one of my favourite fashion brands; OBEY. 
Fairey is well known for his image of Marilyn Monroe where he painted over her iconic image with his ‘Andre the Giant’ portrait with the text ‘OBEY’ below. This was then turned into the famous logo for OBEY fashion as you can see right inset.
Although this particular piece of work is recognised all over the world, his ‘Hope’ piece has left a bigger footprint. He created a political poster titled ‘Obama is Hope’ which has been seen all over the world. Fairey distributed 300,000 stickers and 500,000 posters during Obama’s campaign. This particular political campaign was executed so well that is has now been voted the most effective political image since ‘Uncle Sam Wants You’.
In 2008 Fairey received a letter from President Obama himself thanking Shepard for all his help and support and congratulating him on his work and artistic influence. In 2009 ‘Hope’ was officially in the US National portrait gallery as part of their permanent gallery. A legacy was born.
Ester Hernandez was born in 1944 and raised by farm working parents which explains the passion in her work.
Her work is extremely politically, spiritually and socially motivated which creates some reason powerful work. One of the most shocking and powerful pieces of work is her ‘Sun Mad’ shocker created in 1982.
Agitated with the government and angry at the use of pesticides on food she decided to scream out through art. Taking a famous raisin box which portrays innocence as its linked with children in their pack lunches makes a much more striking statement.
Examples of images seen daily 2015 with Dadaism influence.
Bauhaus:
Following on and in relation to Dadaism, Bauhaus was formed by Walter Gropius in 1919. The common theme of this time seems to be modernism and political protest linked with constructivism. Some have said that there is a strong style of English arts and crafts.
The movement was originally formed as a way of mass producing work that followed a set of rules. Dadaism although had a set style, was known for not following any rules. By starting up Bauhaus, Gropius wanted to create something that anyone could be trained to do by following the right rules. A school for art. The general feel was a simple, legible and clean product.
Some first artist to work with Gropius was Johannes Itten, who later on was fired for his clash of training methods. Gropius felt as though there was more training that producing. Artists who followed were Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky and Laszlo Moholy –Nagy.
A few years later former students of the school such as Josef Albers, Bayer, Brant and Brewer were classed as ‘young masters of the field’ and were employed by Gropius.
Bauhaus is known as an art movement. I think Franz Ferdinand represents that title as a modern day movement to a T. Not only do they create their own album art work but they link everything in to their music and music videos to continue a statement.
Their album cover ‘You could have it so much better’ is influenced by Alexanders Rodchenko’s portrait of Lilya Brik and was redesigned by the band members.
In 1928 Gropius unexpectedly resigned which left political uproar within the school and brought Dessau to the forefront.
The 1930s brought the Nazis into power which turned many people’s lives upside down. The lack of freedom and terror of speaking out forced Dessau to close Bauhaus in 1933. Many artists were arrested and killed for their ‘Anti – German behaviour’ as stated by the Nazi government. Others fled to America where they happened to become more successful.
Russian Constructavism:
Image found in bar in Manchester, Artist Unkown
Pop Art:
Pop art is a continuous movement which has influenced many different centuries. The movement emerged in the 1950s and has left an everlasting footprint. Pop art emerged as a way of revolting against art and culture of the time. There seemed to be a ‘typical view’ of what art should be and how it should be displayed. Many students believed that the art they were taught or viewed in museums didn’t reflect their lives or what they wanted to portray through that media.
The movements first appearance was in the article “The arts and the mass media” Lawrence Allonoy.
Pop art was extremely influenced by Hollywood films, advertising, product packaging, music and comic books. The comic book influence is very obvious due to the bold line work and heavy framed images.
Although established in America, the most well known artists are a mix of american and english including; Roy Lichenstein, Andy Warhol, George Brecht, Jasper Johns, David Hockney and Peter Blake.
A letter to architects Peter and Alison Smithson written by Richard Hamilton sums up the feeling behind pop art:
‘ Popular (designed for a mass audience), Transient (short-term solution), Expendable (easily forgotten), Low cost, Mass produced, Young (aimed at youth), Witty, Sexy, Gimmicky, Glamorous, Big business.
Andy Warhol is one of the most recognised names around the world. His photo booth self portrait has also had a very heavy influence on modern day photography also known as Lomography.
The movements popularity declined during the 1970s as the art world shifted focus from art objects to installations, performances and other less tangible art forms. Pop Art had a brief comeback in the 80s as the ‘object’ came back into favour and the pop culture craved the media for advertising purposes.
Andy Warhol Self Portrait : Image Source www.jackarcher.com
Image Source : http://www.lomography.com
Image Source : http://www.lomography.com
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